quote from "Pediatric Surgery (Springer Surgery Atlas)" by Prem Puri, Michael E. Höllwarth -

"Augmentation cystoplasty is now commonly performed at most pediatric urological centres. Bladder augmentation has three major goals: to provide a compliant bladder reservoir, to limit bladder contractility, and to increase bladder capacity. Augmentation cystoplasty should allow the urinary tract to remain intact while preserving renal function and providing urinary continence. Various substrates are utilized to augment the bladder; the most commonly used is a segment of ileum, but stomach and large bowel also have been used. Ileum has been demonstrated to be the least contractile segment and therefore has become the tissue most often used for bladder augmentation. Sufficient augmentation should lead to effective bladder capacity."

quote from "Pediatric Surgery (Springer Surgery Atlas)" by Prem Puri, Michael E. Höllwarth -

"None of our patients have needed secondary augmentation because of increased contractile activity. Even after the ileal segment is isolated from the gastrointestinal tract, it retains its absorption and secretory properties. As a result of the electrolyte exchange, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis may develop. The extent of the electrolyte exchange depends on the amount of intestinal surface area in contact with urine and the time that the urine remains in contact with the intestine. Patients with normal renal function prior to augmentation have adequate compensatory mechanisms and do not have significant problems with acute metabolic changes. Patients who develop persistent, severe metabolic changes must be evaluated for insufficient bladder emptying. Another concern in these patients is a possible increased incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI), as bacterial flora from the augmentation may colonize the urinary tract. In recent years, we have used in our patients daily irrigation of the augmented bladder with 30 mL of 120 mg gentamicin per 250 mL of normal saline, and have found a low incidence of UTI with no evidence of gentamicin absorption or renal function deterioration."