First one with correct answer with justification win.

 

[size=20px]You see a five-year old boy referred for retractile testes. He had previously had a inguinal hernia repair at one year of age. On your exam today, the right testis is palpable subcutaneously inferior to the external inguinal ring but cannot be brought down into the hemiscrotum. This condition following hernia repair is best described as

 

A entrapped testis.

 

B ascending testis.

 

C ectopic testis.

 

D retractile testis.

 

E vanishing testis.[/size]

A- Entrapped testis

A- Entrapped testis

excellent

• An ectopic testis is one that is located outside the boundaries of normal developmental descent. Ectopic testes are rare and most commonly located on the perineum.
  
• congenital undescended testis the testis is not in the scrotum at birth and remains in an extrascrotal position during growth and development.
  
• acquired undescended testis when the testis is in the normal position in the scrotum at birth but later in life it is in an abnormal extrascrotal position. An acquired cryptorchidism can be either an ascending testis or an entrapped testis. An ascending testis spontaneously moves into an abnormal position while an entrapped testis describes the malpositioning of a testis resulting from groin surgery such as an inguinal hernia repair.
  
• A retractile testis is a testis that may withdraw out of the scrotum (usually from an active cremasteric reflex) but can be manually replaced back into a stable position in the scrotum.
  
• A vanishing testis (or vanished testis) describes the situation of a testicle not being present in the scrotum but there is evidence that it was once present (i.e. spermatic vessels and vas deferens ending blindly or with only a remnant of testicular tissue), probably the result of an in utero vascular accident or testicular torsion.