Patent Ductus Ateriosus

A 26-week gestational age (GA) infant is noted to have a 2mm diameter patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with left-to-right shunting. The best next step in the management of the PDA for this infant should be: a Ibuprofen b Acetaminophen c Thoracoscopic ligation d Observation e Percutaneous catheter closure

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[size=20px]A five-day old infant born at 28 weeks gestation develops respiratory distress and a continuous cardiac murmur. Echocardiography confirms a large patent ductus arterioisus (PDA) with left to right shunting. Medical closure of PDA with indomethacin poses an increased risk of A intraventricular hemorrhage. B pulmonary hemorrhage. C chronic lung disease. D focal intestinal perforation. E necrotizing enterocolitis.[/size] First one with correct answer with justification win.