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Quote from "ESPES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery" by Ciro Esposito, François Becmeur, Henri Steyaert, Philipp Szavay - "To improve the efficacy of the antireflux mechanism, we suggest the following parameters: (a) suture the anastomotic line not only to the mucosa but also to the detrusor muscle to avoid excessive traction on the bladder mucosa; (b) suture the bladder to the abdominal wall, if the surgeon observes excessive traction; and (c) if it is possible according to the mesentery axes, the choice of the apex of the appendix for the bladder anastomosis would be easier to incorporate on the tunnel than the base of the appendix."

Quote from "ESPES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery" by Ciro Esposito, François Becmeur, Henri Steyaert, Philipp Szavay - "It was found that neonatal valve ablation would protect the bladder functions and allow normal bladder cycling and healing. This underscores the importance of routine prenatal screening and early intervention for the valves. These findings suggest that the long-term prognosis of PUV might be improved by prenatal diagnosis [6, 14]." Quote from "ESPES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery" by Ciro Esposito, François Becmeur, Henri Steyaert, Philipp Szavay - "The management of children with PUV is a continuous process that starts with the antenatal detection and early fulguration of the valves. The identification of the bladder dysfunction and its appropriate management will prevent the deleterious effects on the upper tracts and improves the long-term survival." Quote from "ESPES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery" by Ciro Esposito, François Becmeur, Henri Steyaert, Philipp Szavay - "A small, contracted bladder in infancy that progresses to a large capacity, poorly compliant bladder, often found in the presence of persistent upper tract dilatation and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, has been termed valve bladder. This can create a self-injurious cycle, with persistent dilatation leading to a renal concentrating defect and creating more work for bladder at risk of muscular failure. Regular urodynamic monitoring is crucial in the management of these patients."

Quote from "ESPES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery" by Ciro Esposito, François Becmeur, Henri Steyaert, Philipp Szavay - "Irrigation fluid—water if monopolar diathermy is used, saline if bipolar electrocautery" Quote from "ESPES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery" by Ciro Esposito, François Becmeur, Henri Steyaert, Philipp Szavay - "Introduction of bipolar electroresection is reported to allow TUR in saline and to minimize the risk of the obturator reflex, which can predispose to bladder perforation [1]."

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Quote from "ESPES Manual of Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery" by Ciro Esposito, François Becmeur, Henri Steyaert, Philipp Szavay - "The main disadvantage of retroperitoneoscopy is that it is not possible to isolate the ureter arriving near the bladder as in laparoscopy. This is a problem because if the indication is VUR, you can leave a long ureteral stump with the risk to have a postoperative reflux with UTI and the risk to have a second procedure to remove the stump."